• For the current studies we used the selective

  2021-01-18

  

  For the current studies, we used the selective Epac agonist 8CPT-AM to directly activate the proteins. We chose this pharmacological approach since it allows a direct activation of Epacs rather than using receptor agonists such as PGE2 which could introduce confounding variables. One potential conce

• br Acknowledgement We acknowledge for funding support from

  2021-01-18

  

  Acknowledgement We acknowledge for funding support from Maryada Foundation, a DoD/Army Contract No. W911NF-06-1-0095, and National Institutes of Health through the New England Center of Excellence for Biodefense (Grant AI057159-01). Introduction The Gram-negative bacterium Lysobacter sp. XL1

• Cyclin D inhibits the transcriptional activity of the

  2021-01-18

  

  Cyclin D1 inhibits the transcriptional activity of the transcription factors myogenin and MEF2 [39,40]. In addition, myogenin activates MEF2 expression, which feeds back to amplify the myogenin promoter [38]. In this study, DGKδ suppression, in addition to the increase of cyclin D1, inhibited myogen

• Cells expressing the CDK S D mutant exhibit impaired

  2021-01-18

  

  Cells expressing the CDK5 S47D mutant exhibit impaired migration and enhanced proliferation: Finally, we wished to determine the functional significance of this phosphoevent. Multiple studies have implicated active CDK5 in promotion of cell migration [9,16,[21], [22], [23], [24]] and in one study th

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2021-01-18

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we uncovered a female-specific haplotype-MDD vulnerability association, by which a two-marker haplotype TG of rs4633-rs4680 may link to enhanced MDD risk in females. Female haplotype TG carriers were estimated to have a 9.17-fold incre

• Several reasons may explain that other studies using

  2021-01-15

  

  Several reasons may explain that other studies using PDE-5-Is yielded negative or contradictory results [30], [31], [32]. Lee [30] applied 50mg sildenafil to seven patients with liver cirrhosis. NO and cGMP in the hepatic Taurine australia significantly increased, hepatic and pulmonary resistance

• br Results br Discussion CCA is a

  2021-01-15

  

  Results Discussion CCA is a fatal tumor originating from the intrahepatic bile duct and the prognosis is very poor (Hoyos et al., 2018). CCA is one of the most dangerous primary liver malignant tumors and the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tract worldwide. However, the underlying m

• Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different

  2021-01-15

  

  Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC rxr receptor must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the greatest helper

• Similarly synthetic analogs of Alogliptin by

  2021-01-15

  

  Similarly synthetic analogs of Alogliptin by replacing the cyanobenzyl group with the butynyl group have been synthesized and tested as selective DPP-4 inhibitors [7], [8]. Additionally, quinazolines [9], [10], pyridopyrimidinediones [11], pyrazolopyrimidinones [12] and pyrimidines [13] as DPP-IV in

• GLP also showed cardioprotective effects

  2021-01-15

  

  GLP-1 also showed cardioprotective effects (i.e., infarct size reduction and ejection fraction improvement) in experimental models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing caspase-3 activation and preventing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes [[50], [51]]. Of note, such a cardioprotection w

• DDR plays a crucial role

  2021-01-15

  

  DDR2 plays a crucial role in regulating a wide variety of fundamental cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion [17], [28], [29], [30]. The authors revealed compromised cell migration in DDR2-silenced fibroblasts exposed to Ang II, most likely due to the loss of

• Phylogenetic analysis indicates that in poikilothermic verte

  2021-01-15

  

  Phylogenetic analysis indicates that in poikilothermic vertebrates CXCR3a and CXCR3b have evolved independently from a common gene possibly after the 2nd round whole genome duplication but before the split of bony fish and tetrapods (Fig. 1 and Supplementary file 3). Owing to the extra round of whol

• Previous work examining the link between the COMT

  2021-01-15

  

  Previous work examining the link between the COMT gene and ISV is limited and has produced contradicting results. The Val allele was linked with higher ISV of RTs following target trials in a continuous performance task (Stefanis et al., 2005) and with higher ISV of RT and P3b latencies of unfamilia

• By using live imaging of

  2021-01-14

  

  By using live imaging of an ERK fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor, the authors show that ERK activity propagates in a stepwise manner from the center to the periphery of the tracheal placode. This row-by-row propagation of ERK activity fits a relay model in which each row activate

• In normal chow fed mice

  2021-01-14

  

  In normal chow fed mice, EP4 deficiency also decreased the expression of CYP8B1, the downstream target of CYP7A1. Similarly, knockdown of EP4 with small interfering RNA reduced the expression of CYP8B1 in HepG2 cells. Therefore, it was anticipated that there would be an increased expression of CYP8B

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