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To determine the time course of ZD P CPG
2021-08-30
To determine the time course of ZD2767P+CPG2 DNA–DNA interstrand cross-link formation, HT29 and LS174T colorectal tumour Cy3-dUTP synthesis were exposed to the drug for 10, 30 or 60 min. The levels of DNA interstrand cross-links in HT29 or LS174T cells did not increase with exposure time, suggestin
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The detection of galactomannan GM a polysaccharide that is r
2021-08-30
The detection of galactomannan (GM), a polysaccharide that is released during Aspergillus growth, is a useful and reliable non-invasive diagnostic test for screening and management of aspergillosis and is often more sensitive than culture (Schelenz et al., 2015, Fisher et al., 2013). The level of ga
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Udenafil also has shown the ability to significantly
2021-08-30
Udenafil also has shown the ability to significantly inhibit the decrease of vascular endothelial cell function and inhibit the decrease in endothelial cell and smooth muscle contents, thus preventing their fibrosis within the penile corpus cavernosum in diabetic or hyperlipidemic animal models when
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The defining molecular feature of Ewing sarcoma is the chara
2021-08-30
The defining molecular feature of Ewing sarcoma is the characteristic EWSR1/ETS fusion protein, most commonly involving EWSR1 and FLI1 (Delattre et al., 1992, May et al., 1993). EWS–FLI1 causes global changes in gene expression both by directly regulating gene expression and by causing changes in ch
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The chemical structures of I C MOI and
2021-08-30
The chemical structures of I3C, 3MOI, and 3MI and the GSK-3 Inhibitor IX responsible for 3MI metabolism in rainbow trout and carp are shown in Fig. 4. Discussion To determine the individual CYP450 isoforms involved in 3MI metabolism, we used specific inhibitors for CYP1A, CYP3A and CYP2E1. Our r
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Developmental relationships between CD bright and CD dim NK
2021-08-30
Developmental relationships between CD56bright and CD56dim NK IMD 0354 remain unresolved; however, several studies indicate that the former is a precursor of the latter. An NK subset with intermediate features between CD56bright and CD56dim has been identified, corroborating this developmental traje
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In contrast crystal structures of the oxyester linked
2021-08-30
In contrast, crystal structures of the oxyester-linked Ubc13 and UbcH5b conjugates (Eddins et al., 2006, Sakata et al., 2010), and the NMR structure of the disulfide-linked UbcH8 conjugate (Serniwka & Shaw, 2009), revealed distinct open conformations (Fig. 10.3). In part, differences in the position
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Inflammatory action of certain cytokines can influence cell
2021-08-30
Inflammatory action of certain cytokines can influence cell proliferative routes (Deshmane et al., 2009). When mTOR is inhibited, for instance by the action of Rapa, TGF-β1, which has an anti-inflammatory action, is increased. The relationship between high levels of TGF-β1 and R406 arrest has been
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The biological significance of DNA ligases is attributed to
2021-08-30
The biological significance of DNA ligases is attributed to their function in DNA replication, recombination and/or DNA repair [1], [2]. In vertebrates, three different DNA ligases I, III and IV are recognized. DNA ligase I is essential for the Okazaki fragments’ ligation during lagging-strand DNA s
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In addition to its HEAT repeats CRM also possesses a
2021-08-28
In addition to its HEAT repeats, CRM1 also possesses a C-terminal extension (C-extension, residues 1032–1071), composed of a helix (C-helix) followed by a short stretch of residues (C-tail). In the absence of Ran, the C-extension adopts a conspicuous conformation that bridges across the ring-shaped
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br Cytochrome P monooxygenases Cytochrome P monooxygenases
2021-08-28
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) belong to one of Nature’s most versatile group of enzymes for C–H functionalization and are able to perform challenging regioselective and stereoselective activations of remote, unactivated C(sp3)–H bonds, for which there are o
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It has only recently been appreciated that
2021-08-28
It has only recently been appreciated that antigen-activated UNC1215 sale undertake two additional transient migrations during the early stages of T-dependent antibody responses. In the first of these, antigen-activated B cells migrate rapidly (within 2–3h) to the outer regions of the follicle befo
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EBI remains an orphan GPCR and the identity and
2021-08-28
EBI2 remains an orphan GPCR and the identity and source of its ligand are yet to be described. Molecular studies of EBI2 have suggested that this receptor has constitutive activity, similar to that observed for many herpesvirus-encoded 7TM receptors (Benned-Jensen and Rosenkilde, 2008, Rosenkilde et
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br Introduction Melatonin mainly originates from the pineal
2021-08-28
Introduction Melatonin mainly originates from the pineal gland (Reiter, 1991) and is well known for its physiological functions in the regulation of circadian rhythms (Cajochen et al., 2003) and as a potent free radical scavenger and broad-spectrum antioxidant in mammals (Paradies et al., 2010, T
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A different example of substrate dependent activation is see
2021-08-28
A different example of substrate-dependent activation is seen in CSN5, a JAMM-type DUB found in the eight subunit COP9 signalosome (CSN) [34]. The CSN deconjugates NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 8) from Cullin Ring ubiquitin E3 ligases (CRLs). Through this activ
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